Wire of a rich person grower of Cuba, Fidel Castro followed studies of right with Havana. Holder of a doctorate in right, it launches out in a lawyer career. As of this time, it is pointed out by an opposition to the dictatorial mode of president Fulgencio Batista, which it considers pledged in the United States. On July 26, 1953, with the head of an armed small group, it tries to reverse it. The failure of this knack is worth to him to be condemned to 15 years of prison. Pardoned in 1955, it leaves for Mexico where it meets the following year Ernesto “Che” Guevara, with which it refines its project: to reverse Batista. On December 2, 1956, Castro and 81 guerrillas who embarked with him on Granma unload, close to the course Cruz, on the coast of Cuba. On July 20, 1958, in Caracas, Fidel Castro is proclaimed “commander-in-chief of the democratic revolutionary Face”.

First of all nationalist, Castro approaches the USSR quickly, by proclaiming his membership of the socialist camp, and takes the title of líder máximo of the revolución, “supreme leader of the revolution”.

He founds a mode with sole party (1965), and becomes Head of the State in 1976.